Human Resource Management- meaning, nature and objectives.

Q. Define Human Resource Management. Explain its nature and objectives. 

Ans. MEANING OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: In simple words, Human Resource means people working within the organisation. It refers to the knowledge, skills, abilities, values, aptitude and beliefs possessed by its workforce in the organisation. So, HRM deals with proper or best utilization of available human resources in the organisation.

HRM is the focal point of all the organisations in the present day competitive world. It is not possible for any organisation to achieve its objectives without proper management of human resources. It focuses on Human Approach while managing people in the organisation. It means that organisation should consider its people as an important resource to effectively achieve the objectives of the organisation along with the development of its human resources. HRM is a people oriented management policy. It stresses that organisation should consider its people as an asset not as cost. It deals with acquisition, development, motivation and maintenence of human resources to gain competitive advantage.

DEFINITION OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: 

1. According to Flippo, “Human Resource/Personnel Management may be defined as the planning, organising, directing, and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and separation of human resources to the end that individual, organisational and societal objectives are accomplished.” 

2. According to Wendell L. French, “The human resource management refers to the philosophy, policies, procedures, and practice related to the management of people within the organisation”.

NATURE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: 

1. Universal: HRM is universal in nature. It is present in all types of organisations i.e. government, business, education, health, social etc. It permeates (spreads, व्याप्त, फैला हुआ है) all types and levels of management in all organisations. 

2. Part of Management Discipline: HRM is a part of management discipline. It is not an independent discipline in itself. It is a functional area of management, so it depends on the management concepts, principles and techniques to a reasonable extent and applies these principles in the area of HRM.

3. People Oriented: HRM is all about people I.e. individual and groups in the organisation. It covers all kinds of people at various levels in the organisation. It is concerned with acquisition, development, motivation and maintenence of people in the organisation.

4. Action Oriented: HRM is an action oriented approach. It deals with policies and practices related to the management of people and resolve their problems by balanced policies.

5. Goal Oriebted: HRM is directed towards attainment of Organisational goals by strategic deployment of capable work force and personnel techniques.

6. Long Term Perspective: HRM is a long term perspective to the management of people in the organisation. Development of human resource and value addition is a long term process and for it, managers have to invest in human resources to harness their knowledge and capability in the organisation.

7. Integrating Mechanism: HRM tries to integrate Organisational goals and personal goals for the benefit of organisation as well as human resources.

8. Development Oriented: HRM is development oriented approach. It aims at development of human resources. It assesses the training needs of the employees and develops their knowledge and skill in the interest of the organisation.

9. Continuous Process: HRM is a continuous process. It has to regularly assess (estimation, valuation) the human resource requirement of the organisation, and plan to.meet the human resource needs of the organisation according to its ever changing needs and human resource requirement of various departments in the organisation.

OBJECTIVES OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT:

1. Societal Objectives: Every organisation i.e. business, government, education, health, recreation etc. is a part of society. So, it is the responsibility of the organisation to use the human resources in an ethical way not only for the benefit of organisation but also for the welfare of the society. They should respect the law of nation while hiring human resources into the organisation, maintain proper union-management relations, perform proper labour welfare functions and ensure safety of workers. The failure of organisations to use their resources for society’s benefit may result in failure.

2. Organisational Objectives: No organisation can achieve its objectives without human resources. It is the skill and efficiency of the human resources which utilizes all other resources i.e. money, material, technology, machines etc. So, it is the ultimate source that assists the organisation in achieving its objectives efficiently and economically.

3. Functional Objective: HR department is supposed to perform various functions such as Human Resource Planning, Recruitment, Selection, Training, Development, Appraisal, Employee Relation etc. It has to ensure that adequate number of manpower is available in the organisation according to the current and changing needs of the organisation.

4. Personal Objective: Human resources in the organisation help to achieve organisational goals. So, the organisation should also help human resources to satisfy and achieve their personal goals. There must be proper integration of organisational goal and personal goals so as to effectively achieve organisational goals. The satisfied and motivated employees will work more efficiently in attaining organisational objectives. It is essential to meet personal objectives of human resources in the organisation in order to retain, maintain and motivate them. This will lead to enhance their individual contribution in meeting organisational objectives. 

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: MEANING, NATURE AND OBJECTIVES.