Tuesday, 14 July 2020

Uses of 'For' and 'Since'.

 Mainly, For and Since are used with the present perfect and the present perfect contiuous Tense. They are used as follow:

For: For is used with a period of time upto now. It is used to indicate the time of the beginning or the duration of the action. It is used before indefinite/uncertain period of time. 
'for' is used before-
Rule (1) : Numeral Adjective + minutes
for e.g.  (a) For thirty minutes
               (b) For many minutes
               (c) For several minutes

Rule (2) : Numeral Adjective + hours
for e.g.   (a) For two hours
                (b) For many hours
                 (c) For several hours

Rule (3) : Numeral Adjective + days
for e.g.    (a) For five days
                 (b) For many days
                  (c) For several days

Rule (4) : Numeral Adjective + weeks
for e.g.    (a) For two weeks
                 (b) For many weeks
                  (c) For several weeks

Rule (5) : Numeral Adjective + months
for e.g.    (a) For three months
                 (b) For many months
                 (c) For several months

Rule (6) : Numeral Adjective + years
for e.g.      (a) For five years
                   (b) For many years
                   (c) For several years

Rule (7) : Numeral Adjective + decades
for e.g.     (a) For three decades
                  (b) For many decades
                  (c)  For several decades

Rule (8) : Numeral Adjective + Centuries
for e.g.     (a) For two centuries
                  (b) For many centuries
                  (c) For several centuries

Rule (9) : A + minute
for e.g.  For a minute

Rule (10) : An + hour
for e.g.  For an hour

Rule (11) : A + day
for e.g.   For a day

Rule (12) : A + week
for e.g.   For a week

Rule (13) : A + month
for e.g.   For a month

Rule (14) : A + year
for e.g.    For a year

Rule (15) : A + decade
for e.g.    For a decade

Rule (16) : A + century
for e.g.   For a century

Rule (17) : A long period/ a long time/ ever/ a                      while/ a moment/ an era
for e.g  For a long time 
              For a while
              For a long time
              For a moment
              For ever

Rule (18) : The last/Past + Numeral Adjective + minute(s)/ hour(s)/ day(s)/ week(s)/ month(s)/ year(s)/ decade(s)/ century/centuries.
for e.g. For the last five hours
              For the past four days
               For the last six years
              For the past six years

Rule (19) : seasons
for e.g.  For two seasons

Rule (20) : Minutes/hours/days/weeks/months/years/decades/centuries
for e.g. For hours
              For years
             For months
             For weeks

Note: (i) Since is not used before Period of time + ago but for is used.
for e.g. (a) His brother has been ill for five days.
(b) His brother has been ill since five days ago.

(ii) For is not used with all + period of time
for e.g. (a) It has been raining all day.

(iii) For is used in sense of तक/ के िलए  in Tenses.
for e.g. (a) Binay waited for me for three hours.
(b) She goes there for two hours every day.
(c) My younger brother will be in Mumbai for the next five days.

Since: Since is used with some point of time in the past. It means from that point of time to the point of speaking. Since is used before:
Rule (1) : name of the days
For e.g.  Since Monday
                Since Tuesday

Rule (2) : name of the months
For e.g.  Since January
                Since February

Rule (3) : name of the years
For e.g.  Since 1980
                Since 1990

Rule (4) : name of the parts of the day
For e.g.  Since Morning
                Since noon
                Since daybreak
                Since dawn
                Since afternoon
                Since evening
                 Since night
                 Since midnight
                 Since sunrise
                 Since sunset
                  Since dusk
                  Since twilight

Rule (5) :  O'clock/a.m./p.m. 
For e.g. Since 5O'clock
               Since 6 a.m.
                Since 7 p.m.
                 Since 6:30 a.m.

Rule (6) : yesterday/ last night/ last week/ last month/ last year
For e.g.  Since yesterday
                Since last night
                Since last month
                 Since last year

Rule (7) : name of seasons
For e.g.  Since Spring
                Since winter
                 Since Autumn
                 Since summer

Rule (8) : name of festivals
For e.g.   Since Diwali
                 Since Id
                  Since Christmas

Rule (9) : name of events
For e.g.    Since arrival
                  Since his departure
                   Since his birth
                   Since his marriage
                    Since his death
                    Since their quarrel

Rule (10) : Stage of one's life
For e.g.    Since his childhood
                   Since your youth

Rule (11) : last+monday/tuesday.........etc., January/february.....etc., Spring/winter.......etc. or other time expressing words 
For e.g.   Since last monday 
                 Since monday last
                  Since last march
                  Since march last
                  Since last spring
                  Since spring last
                  Since last midnight
                  Since midnight last
Note: For is used before The last+ Time expressing words because it shows a period of time not a point of time.
For e.g.  (a) Since last week means A point of time about seven days ago.
(b) For the last week means the period of seven days just completed.